71 CONGRESO AEP. Libro de comunicaciones

872 ISBN: 978-84-09-79209-2 ÁREA DE ESPECIALIDAD (MEDICINA PEDIÁTRICA)  OTROS #2522 COMUNICACIÓN ORAL Factors Influencing Adherence to Pharmacological Treatment in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder João Filipe Nico 1 , Ana Manuela Silva 2 , Filipa Inês Cunha 1 , Catarina Oliveira Pereira 1 1 Hospital Distrital da Figueira da Foz, Figueira da Foz, Portugal 2 Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS Adherence to pharmacological treatment in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a significant clinical challenge, directly impacting therapeutic efficacy and long- term outcomes. Pharmacological treatment, often with sti- mulants, is central to managing ADHD, effectively improving symptoms and daily functioning. However, adherence is of- ten suboptimal, influenced by factors such as medication side effects, perceived efficacy, family support, and social stigma. Identifying and understanding these factors is cru- cial for developing interventions that promote treatment continuity and enhance clinical outcomes. This study aims to evaluate factors influencing adherence to pharmacologi- cal treatment in ADHD. MÉTODOS An anonymous survey was conducted with parents of children/adolescents with ADHD, attending a Developmen- tal Consultation at a level 2 hospital from March 2023 to July 2024. Clinical and demographic information was collec- ted, with descriptive and inferential statistical analysis per- formed using SPSS® ( α = 0.05). RESULTADOS The study included 59 surveys, with 66.1% of partici- pants being male and a median age of 11 years. The median age at diagnosis and treatment initiation was 8 years. Re- garding ADHD presentation, 35.6%were inattentive, 23.7% hyperactive/impulsive, and 40.7% combined. Comorbidities were present in 54.4% of cases. Adherence to pharmacolo- gical treatment was reported by 70.7% of participants. Rea- sons for non-adherence included forgetfulness (33.9%), child’s refusal (6.8%), and fear of side effects (8.4%), with 50.8% providing no specific reason. Subgroup analysis showed a significant increase in adherence when the disor- der was clearly explained, especially among males (p = 0.042) and those aged 10-13 (p = 0.026). In the hype- ractive/impulsive subgroup, side effects did not significantly impact adherence (p = 0.070). CONCLUSIONES While treatment adherence in ADHD was generally high, a significant proportion still exhibited non-adherence, often without clear reasons. Understanding the disorder emerged as a critical factor for improving adherence, particularly in boys and children aged 10-13. The lack of statistical diffe- rences across many factors suggests that adherence may be more influenced by educational and perceptual factors rather than demographic or clinical characteristics. Results indicate that educational interventions promoting unders- tanding of ADHD are essential for enhancing treatment adherence. Personalized approaches and caregiver involve- ment are key to optimizing therapeutic outcomes in ADHD.